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ISSN: 1570-0178

Volume 1 (6 October 1998)



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Letters to the editor from the section
Habari za Kwetu in Mwana Shaba
(Journal d'entreprise de l'U.M.H.K)


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Introductory Remarks

by

Vincent A. de Rooij

The letters on this page have been selected from the section Habari za Kwetu ('news of/from our place/home') in the April 1958 issue of the Union Minière du Haut-Katanga's house journal Mwana Shaba ('copper child' or, perhaps beter, 'copper worker'). These letters were all written by employees of the UMHK mining company and are highly interesting for several reasons.

First of all, the topics of these letters reflect the interests and worries of the city dwellers of the Congolese Copperbelt in the late 1950s, a period of rising political activity and unrest. It is not very surprising that political issues are not addressed in the letters published in Mwana Shaba. Even if some workers would have had the courage to write about politics, the editors of the journal would have made sure that these letters never got published. The letters that made it to the journal nearly always consist of complaints about the loss of traditional values and behaviors in the new urban centers of the Copperbelt. There are warnings against the dangers of alcohol, thievery, and the changing attitude of young women who no longer automatically obey the old customs. Many writers seem to have problems with the sharp contrast between the 'traditional' way of life in the ancestral village and the modern life of the big city.

The topics of the letters in Habari za Kwetu no doubt give a somewhat distorted a-political picture of the workers' interests and worries. Reading through the Habari za Kwetu section of different issues of Mwana Shaba, one cannot escape the feeling that the editors used this section to 'educate' the UMHK personnel. The mining company reasoned that employees who invested their earnings in their homes and families instead of spending it on beer and women, would make more disciplined and reliable workers.

The letters in Habari za Kwetu are, of course, also important examples of popular literacy. The large majority of Union Minière employees were schooled workers. Just to which degree they were schooled in writing Swahili is difficult to assess. The variability in spelling displayed in the letters warrants the conclusion that there was no clear monolithic written standard variety which the writers could turn to and that to some degree their writing reflects the spoken language of that time. Careful analysis of the linguistic variation encountered in the letters can therefore be of immense help in reconstructing the colloquial Swahili of the Copperbelt in the 1950s.

The translation in the right column tries to convey the meaning of the Swahili texts. In the near future notes on grammar, lexicon, spelling, and other aspects of the texts will be made available here. These will no doubt help the reader not familiar with Katanga Swahili to understand more fully the meaning of the letters. If you have any comments on the translation or know the meanings of the words that I was not able to translate (marked in the following way: [? unknown word]), please contact me at vderooij@pscw.uva.nl. Line breaks in the translations correspond as faithfully as possible to the line breaks in the first column which were taken over from the original.


 
 # 1

Tufanye pasopo sasa, kwa sababu
wezi wanakuwa wengi wa akili
mbaya na wasio woga. Kama wana-
kutana mlango unafungwa, wana-
vunja makalasi ya madirisha na hivi
wanaingia nyumbani. Sasa tunakuwa
tunalala usingizi na woga ya wezi tu
rohoni. Tunatumaini ya kama ile
mambo haitaendelea vile.
	François LUBO
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]
 # 1

We have to be careful nowadays, because
thieves with bad plans and no fear are
getting numerous. If they find
a door that is locked, they
smash the glass of the windows and so
go into the house. Nowadays we're
sleeping with fear for thieves
in our hearts. We hope that these
things will not go on like this.
	François LUBO
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 2

Tupo na watu wa kazi wengine
wenyi akili. Kwa sababu, wana-
kumbuka kutengeneza maisha yao
ya mbele wakati wangali mu kazi.
Hawangoje tu kupata mbele << pen-
sion >> njo waanze kukumbuka
maisha yao. Mu mji, waliisha kupata
nyumba, shamba ya muhogo, lu-
pango na fasi ya kufuga kuku,
mabata, mbuzi ao nyama zingine.
Wale watu hawatahangaika kwa vile
vitu. Franka yao ya << pension >>
itakuwa tu ya kula, na ya kutengene-
za fasi ya nyumba yao. Wale watu
watakaa na furaha na watajisifu siku
zote.
	Alphonse TENTE
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 2

We have some intelligent workers.
Because they think of
putting their lives in order
beforehand in the period that they work.
They do not just wait to get their
pension and then start thinking about
their lives. In the village, they have obtained
a house, a manioc field,
a lot and a place to keep chicken,
ducks, a goat or other animals.
Those people are not troubled by such
things. Their pension money
will just go to (buying) and putting in order
the place of their houses. Those people
live with joy and they praise themselves every
day.
	Alphonse TENTE
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 3

Mu mji ingine, musafiri anasikia
furaha kwa kuona nyumba ya wage-
ni. Ku Kolwezi kwiko nyumba ya
wageni ndani, wanaweka-amo vi-
tanda vuenye kutandika malenketi.
Lakini ku Panda, ndani ya nyumba
ya wageni hamuna kitu. Mugeni
akafika ku Panda, anahangaika tu.
Na tena ku Panda kwiko watu wenyi
kufanya mambo ya uchafu na wana-
wake ao na watoto wanawake mu
nyumba ya wageni.
	Saturnin TSIZUBU 21/2/58

	NDLR.: Tunasikitika vile vile juu
ya akili ya wasafiri wengine. Wana-
kumbuka kusema << haina nyumba
yetu, tuiharibishe, tufanye vile tuna-
penda. Wale watakuja nyuma yetu
wataitengeneza >>.
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 3

In a strange town, a traveler feels
joy at seeing the guest house.
In Kolwezi there is a guest house
in which they place
beds covered with a blanket.
But in Panda, inside the guest house
there is nothing. The stranger
arriving in Panda, is just worried.
And, then, in Panda there are people who
do filthy things with
women or with girls in
the guest house.
	Saturnin TSIZUBU 21/2/58

	Note by the Editor: We also feel sorry because
of the thoughts of some travelers. They
think (and say): << it's not our home,
let's ruin it, let's do whatever we
like. Those who come after us
will put it in order >>.
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 4

Mangaribi, mbele ya kwenda kwa
rafiki zake, M.S... alifunga nyumba
yake tu vizuri. Kwa kurudia, aliku-
tana kufuli yenye kuvunjwa, na
mlango upo wazi. Sasa anasikitika
ya kama hataweza tena kupata vitu
vyake vyenye kuibwa.
	Joseph MUSENDEKA 8/2/58
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 4

In the evening, before going to
his friends, M.S... locked his house
really well. Upon his return, he found
the padlock broken, and
the door was open. Now he felt sorry
that he would not be able to recover his things
that were stolen.
	Joseph MUSENDEKA 8/2/58
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 5

Mwizi moja anakamatika. Aliiba
kinga mu magazini moja ya mu njia
yenye kwenda Kipushi. Alikimbia
juu ya kinga yenyewe aliiba; lakini
walimukamata tu mbio na kumuleta
kwa wa polisi. Watu wengi watatu-
liza roho kwa kusikia vile wanamu-
bamba ule mwizi. Kwa sababu ali-
kuwa mwizi wa hatari na hawaku-
weza kumukamata hata siku moja.
	Pierre MBOY 21/2/58
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 5

A certain thief was caught. He had stolen
a bicycle in a shop on the road
to Kipushi. He took off
on the bike that he had stolen; but
they caught him quickly en brought him
to the police. Many people put
their hearts at rest at hearing how they
caught that thief. Because he was
a dangerous thief and they
had not been able to catch him one single time.
	Pierre MBOY 21/2/58
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 6

Bwana atapenda bibi yake sana,
kama bibi ni muaminifu hana na
bukulukulu; kama bibi anajua ku-
tengeneza nyumba mzuri, kuchunga
mali na ipo na usafi; kama bibi
hana uongo, kwanza uongo ni kitu cha
bure. Bibi moja alilongofia bwana
yake kwa kutaka amufurahishe.
Njo akasema iko na mimba yenyi
kukomaa na tena karibu na kuzaa.
Alizani kama ataweza kulongofia
mganga sawa alilongofia bwana yake.
Kiisha kufika kwa mganga, mganga
alivumbua uongo wa bibi na aka-
mufukuza pale pale. Bibi alipata
haya sana kwa uongo wake.
	Joseph TAU 7/2/58
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 6

A husband will love his wife very much,
if the wife is honest and not
untrustworthy; if the wife knows how to
make the house really comfortable, to watch over
the money and if it is clean; if the wife
does not lie, to start a lie is something of
no value. One woman told her husband
a lie because she wanted to make him happy.
So she said that she was heavily pregnant
and she was close to giving birth.
She thought that she could deceive
the doctor the way she deceived her husband.
Having arrived at the doctor's, the doctor
discovered the woman's lie and he
chased her right there. The woman
really felt ashamed because of her lie.
	Joseph TAU 7/2/58
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 7

Bwana moja alipata << pension >>.
Ametaka kwenda ku mji na bibi
yake. Bibi amekataa, amesema hata-
ki kwenda na yule bwana kwa sababu
aliolewa ku Elisabethville. Bwana
akampiga bibi kwa sababu bibi hai-
tikie safari. Ni bure tu. Wakati
bwana hakuwa ku nyumba, bibi
alifunga vifulushi vyake na akai-
swaka lwake kufichama kwa wandu-
gu wake.
	Thomas MPOYO
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 7

A certain man was pensioned off.
He wanted to go tho the village with his wife.
The wife refused, she said she did not
want to go with that man because
she was married in Elisabethville. The man
beat the wife because the wife refused
the travel. It was all in vain. When
the husband was not at home, the wife
packed her bags and ? akaiswaka
to hide with her
relatives.
	Thomas MPOYO
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 8

Humu mu Lubumbashi, tuliona
mchezo moja wa kuchekesha kabisa:
sawa yenye kutoka mu << film >> ya
Charlot. Bwana moja alikuja kupo-
kea franka yake. Tena bibi moja ali-
kuwa anamungoja kwa sababu ule
bwana amulipe deni ya << kibalubalu >>
mingi ule bwana alikunywa kwake
pasipo kulipa. Kiisha kupokea fran-
ka, bwana alitafuta kufichama na ku-
kimbia yule bibi. Lakini bibi muka-
lamusi, alimukamata tu mu mushipi
ya saruali na hakutaka kumuacha
mpaka tu apate franka yake. Tuli-
kuwa tunawatazama kwa kuona
mwenye atashinda mwenzake. Ni
bwana ao ni bibi ao saruali njo
itapita nguvu? Hatukupata majibu,
kwa sababu polisi alikuja kuwatakia
ile neno.
	Thomas MPOYO na Raphaêl BENI

	NDLR.: Kila mtu aliona sawa yule
bwana amekuwa kiwelewele mbele ya
macho yao. Tena tunasikitika kwa
sababu ule mfano wa ile mambo
uko tu unaenea mu miji yetu kila siku
ya kupokea franka.
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 8

Here in Lubumbashi, we saw
a spectacle that was very funny:
just like something in a Charlot
[?Chaplin] movie. A man went to
collect his money [pay]. Also, a woman
was waiting for him because that
man was to pay her back his many debts of << one more >>
[glass] which that man drank with her
without paying. Having collected his money,
the man tried to hide and to
escape from that woman. But the woman was sly,
she caught him by the belt
of his trousers and she did not want to let him go
until she got her money. We
observed them to see
who would outdo the other. Was it
the man, the woman, or the trousers that
would run out of strength? We didn't get the answer,
because the police came to question them
about this matter.
	Thomas MPOYO na Raphaêl BENI

	Note by the Editor: Everyone saw how that
man became mad before
their eyes. Furthermore, we are sorry
because that example of those things
is there and is spread all over town each
pay day.
[subsection Lubumbashi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 9

Tuliona bwana moja mwenye watu
wengine tatu wamemutesa, na wenye
kuwatazama hukukuwa hata mtu
moja mwenyi kumsaidia. Tulizani ya
kama yule bwana alifanya vibaya,
kwa sababu hakukuwa hata mtu
moja mwenyi kumusaidia. Lakini
pale tuliuliza chenye wanafia, waka-
tujibu: << sisi hatujue na tena tuta-
musaidia je na yeye hana wa kabila
yetu? >> Njo kusema, wandugu wa-
penzi, mtu wa kusaidia ni mpaka
kama ni wa kabila yetu? Na ile njo
usilimu wenye tunajivunia kuwa nao?
	Jourdain KULU 27/2/58
	NDLR.: Kama unazani ya kama
mtu asiye wa kabila yenu hakupende-
ze, na njo vile tu wengine watakufanya,
tena usishituke kwa ile siku na we
utateswa. Kongo haitatengenezwa na
watu wenye kuchukiana kwani ni
kupendana na kupana heshima njo
yenye kufunga pamoja watu wa kabila
mbali mbali.
[subsection Kipushi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 9

We saw a man whom
three other men were harassing, and those
watching them there was not one man
who helped him. We thought that
that man had done something bad,
because there was not one man
who helped him. But
when we asked what they wanted, they
answered us: << we don't know [him] and so,
how should we help him while he is not from
our ethnic group? >> That's to say, dear brothers,
a man is in need of help only
if he from our ethnic group? And is that
the progress which we will reap for ourselves?  
	Jourdain KULU 27/2/58
	Note by the Editor: If it is your opinion that
a man who is not from your ethnic group does not please you,
that's just the way others will treat you,
furthermore, don't be shocked the day you
will suffer as well. Congo will not be put in order by
people hating one another because it is
loving and respecting one another
which ties together people from
different ethnic groups.  
[subsection Kipushi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 10

Siku ya kupokea franka ni siku
kubwa ku Kipushi na kungine. Ni
siku watu wote wanapata uzima,
wanafurahi, njia yoyote ya magazini
inajaa watu, na ma << bars >> inatumi-
ka mzuri sana. Wanatumika mwezi
muzima juu ya kufurahi siku moja
tu? Haina mzuri kufurahi kidogo
kidogo kila siku fasi ya kufurahi
sana tu siku moja na kuteswa mwezi
muzima?
	Jourdain KULU 27/2/58
[subsection Kipushi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 10

Pay day is a big day
in Kipushi and elsewhere. It is
a day when all people feel good,
they are happy, all streets with shops
are filled with people, and the << bars >>
do extremely well. Do they work
a whole month to be happy for a single day
only? Isn't it better to rejoice a little
bit each day instead of being very happy
for just one day and suffering for
a whole month? 
	Jourdain KULU 27/2/58
[subsection Kipushi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 11

Binti moja aliandikia Mwana Shaba
hivi: << sitake kuuzishwa >>.
Naitikia kweli, vijana wanawake
wa mu << ville >> wanajizania ya kama
wanasilimuka kabisa, na vile hawa-
wezi kuitikia wauzishwe. Wanawaza
ya kama kuolewa ni kupata njia ya
kufanya mwendo mbaya vile wana-
penda pasipo wazazi wao kuwa-
chamkia. Na kama bwana anasirika
kwa mwendo mbaya wa bibi, bibi
anamjibu: << mali ulileta kwa baba,
haieneye hata bu mali ya buko; ni
franka tu ya posho ile baba alikuwa
anapokea juu yangu, na sasa haipo-
keake tena tangu ulinioa >>. Vijana
wanawake wa miji hawakumbuke
kusema ile yote, wanajua tu ya kama
bibi ni wa bwana.

	Oscar BATSHIBE 6/2/58
[subsection Kipushi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 11

A girl wrote to Mwana Shaba
as follows: << I do not want to be sold. >>
I really reply, the young women
who live in the city think of themselves that
they are very modern, and so they
cannot agree with being sold. They believe
that being married is is to get a way to
behave badly the way they
like to without paying any respect to their parents.
And if the husband is angry
about the bad behavior of the wife, the wife
answers: << the money you brought to father,
wasn't even enough as bride wealth; it
was just a drinking fee that father
received for me, and now he hasn't
received [anything] in addition since I was married. The young
women from the villages do not think of 
saying all this they just know that
the wife belongs to the husband.

	Oscar BATSHIBE 6/2/58
[subsection Kipushi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 12

Wabibi wenye kuolewa, wanaanza
kuwa na mwendo sawa wandumba.
Wanakunywa pombe kushinda na
wabwana wao tena wanapoteza he-
shima yao. Kuwafundisha kupika,
kushona na kutengeneza nyumba
yao, ni vizuri sana. Lakini ni muzuri
tena kabisa kuwaonyesha ya kama
kuwa na mwendo mbaya ni haya
sana kwao.

	Symphorien KASEBA 26/2/58

	NDLR.: Kama wabibi wanaku-
nywa pombe, wanalongofia wabwana
wao hawachunge watoto wao na
kama wakiwa na mwendo sawa na
wandumba, kosa ni ya nani? Wa-
bwana hawana kosa pale wanakwenda
na wandumba mu << bar >>? Kwanza
si ni wanaume na wabwana wenye
wabibi, wanafundisha mifano mi-
baya kwa sababu wanakamata wana-
wake wote wasio kuwa wabibi yao
sawa na wandumba? Ni mzuri sana
kufundisha wanawake kupika, ku-
tengeneza nyumba, kushona, kwa
sababu kiisha wabibi kujua na kuzoea
ile kazi, hawakumbuke tena kwenda
mu ma << bars >>.
[subsection Kipushi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 12

Married women start
behaving like wandumba [femmes libres].
They drink more beer than
their husbands and loose their respectability.
To teach them how to cook,
to sew and to arrange their houses,
is very good. But it is much better
still to show them that
behaving badly is very shameful
to them.

	Symphorien KASEBA 26/2/58

	Note by the Editor: If women
drink beer, cheat their husbands
do not care for their children and
if they behave like
wandumba, whose fault is it?
Aren't the husbands to blame when they go
to a << bar >> with wandumba? First of all,
isn't it so that men and husbands with
wives, teach bad examples
because they take
all women who are not their wives
as if they are wandumba? It is very good
to teach women how to cook, to
put the house in order, to sow, because
after wives know and are familiar with
that work, they do not think of going
to << bars >>.
[subsection Kipushi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 13

Mlevi moja alikuwa juu ya kinga
yake mwenye kuwayawaya vibaya
sana. Hakuona ya kama shimo iko
mu njia, na alianguka mule. Kijana
mwanaume moja alikuwa anapita
njiani, alimusaidia kwa kumtosha
mu shimo na kumpeleka kwake
sababu asipate msiba. Kiisha kupata
akili, mlevi alianza kuchambula ki-
jana mwanaume, na kusema ya
kama yule kijana anataka kumuiba
kinga na tena iko mushenzi, nyama.
Pale njo kijana alilapa ya kama hata-
subutu kusaidia walevi. Na kwa ile
hakuna mwenye kumpa kosa.
	Pascal BAHEBURA 23/1/58

	NDLR.: Inafaa kuogopa walevi,
lakini inafaa kuwasaidia wakati wapo
katika hatari. Huweza kutumaini
kuwarudisha katika njia nzuri, kwa
kuwapa mashauri mazuri na kuwao-
gopesha matendo mabaya ya pombe.
[subsection Panda/Shituru, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 13

A drunk sat [lit.: was] on his bike
which swayed to and fro in a terrible way.
He did not see that there was a hole
in the road, and he fell into it. A young
man who was walking along
the road, helped him to get out
from the hole and conducted him home
so he would not have an accident. After he regained
his wits, the drunk began to abuse the young
man, saying that
that young man wanted to steal his
bike from him and that he was uncivilized, an animal.
It was then and there that the young man vowed that he would no
longer risk to help drunks. And because of that
there would be no one to accuse him.
	Pascal BAHEBURA 23/1/58

	Note by the editor: One has to fear drunks,
but one has to help them when they are
in danger. We can hope
to help them return on the right track, by
giving them good advice and by
warning them for the bad consequences of beer.
[subsection Panda/Shituru, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 14

Mtu moja wa kazi alikuwa na
watoto 9. Kiisha kuchoka na make-
lele ya bibi kwa mambo kidogo tu
ya mu nyumba, akafukuza yule bibi
mama watoto, aende kwao pasipo
kukumbuka ya kama watoto wata-
bakia na masikitiko ya mama wao.
Bwana alioa bibi uingine kwa kusai-
dia watoto wake. Lakini hakuna
chenye kiko sawa na mama, na wa-
toto hawakukawa kuwa mu umasiki-
ni. Bibi wa sasa hakuwa anapenda
wale watoto wasipo wake, hakuwa na
ubembelezi juu yao na alikuwa ana-
watendea vibaya kila siku. Kwa u-
chungu ya watoto wake, mama wa-
toto alikuwa anawaletea tuvitu twa
utamu twa kuwabembeleza, kwa
uficho. Baba watoto hakutaka ku-
sikia shauri ya rafiki zake zote, na
tena hakupenda kusikia wamuelezee
kitu juu ya mama watoto. Alikataza
na ule mama watoto kuja kutazama
watoto wake. Lakini watoto wali-
kataa ile sauti ya baba yao, njo
wakamuambia wanasema: << We
hautupende tena, kwa sababu una-
fukuza na mama wetu. Hukumbuke
hata ya kama tunateswa: hatu-
chungwe vizuri, hatule vizuri; ile
yote hukumbuke, unakumbuka tu
bibi yako >>. Na pale pale, watoto
walikwenda lwao na baba hakujua
kwenye walikimbia. Tena watu
wote waliwapa watoto wale sheria.
Kweli ugomvi unaweza kutoka kati
ya wazazi wakati ungine. Lakini
kwa kusema wazazi waachane,
inafaa wakumbuke vizuri ya kama
kwa kufanya vile wanaletea watoto
wao mateso. Bwana ataoa bibi
ungine, na bibi ataoa bwana ungine,
lakini hakuna moja mwenye ataleta
baba ao mama ungine kwa watoto,
wenye kuachiwa.
	Célestin KABENGA

	NDLR.: Hadisi hii ni ya huruma
sana. Bwana ataweza kuwa na sheria
ya kuachana na bibi yake. Lakini baba
hana sheria kama watoto wake wana-
kuwa wa masikini juu yake.
[subsection Panda/Shituru, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 14

A certain worker had
9 children. Tired by an
argument with his wife over a small
domestic matter, he chased that woman
the mother of their children, she was to go to her place without
the thought that the children would
stay behind with grief over their mother.
The man married another woman to help
his children. But nothing
was like it was with their mother, and the
children soon found themselves in miserable
conditions. The new wife did not love
those children as if they were hers, she did not
have sweet words for them and she
treated them bad every day. As care
for her children, the mother of the
children brought them little
sweets to coax them, in
secret. The father of the children did not want to
listen to the advice of all his friends, and
he also did not like to hear them explain to him
the thing regarding the mother of the children. He forbade
that mother of the children to come and look
at her children. But the children ignored
that voice of their father, so
they told him, they said: << You
do not love us any more, because you
chased even our mother. You never think of
how we suffer: we are not
taken care of well, we do not eat well; all
this doesn't cross your mind, you only think of
your wife >>. And right there, the children
went their way and the father did not know
where they fled to. In addition, all the people
gave those children the right [to do so].
Truly a quarrel may break out between
parents sometimes. But
by saying that parents should leave each other,
they should be well aware of the fact that
by doing so they bring their children
suffering. The man will marry another wife,
and the wife will marry another man,
but there is not one who will bring
another father or mother for the children,
who are left behind.
	Célestin KABENGA

	Note by the Editor: This is truly a story
about compassion. A man may have the right
to divorce from his wife. But a father
does not have this right if his children become
beggars because of him.  
[subsection Panda/Shituru, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 15

Sasa kunakuwa miaka mingi, watu
wa kazi wapo wanaomba vitu vya
kununua ku Ulaya. Kwa sababu
wanazani ya kama vile vitu vinazidi
uzuri na bei teketeke. Ni vizuri sana
kununua vitu ku Ulaya. Lakini
wakati vile vitu vinafika, kama una-
kosa franka ya kuvikomboa ni
matata sana. Kwani inafaa kwenda
huku na huku kwa kukongola
franka ao kuuzisha kitu chako cha
bei na kusikitika nyuma yake. Najua
bwana moja aliuzisha shati nzuri
sana kwa sababu ya kwenda ku-
komboa kifulushi ya shati ya Ulaya.
Nyuma yake, hakuweza kuivaa,
kwa sababu ilikuwa yasio kumuenea:
ni kidogo.
	Mbele ya kununua vitu vya Ulaya,
tutazame kwanza ya kama hatuta-
weza kuvipata mu magazini ya fasi
yenye tuiko na kama haina mzuri
kuinunua pa fasi ile tuiko tu. Hatu-
nunue vitu kwa sababu haijaone-
kana pa fasi tuiko na kwa sababu ya
kujionyesha kwa wenzetu, kwani ita-
weza kuwa ya kama wakati tutapata
vile vitu vitabaki bure tu, pasipo
lazima.
	Célestin KABENGA
[subsection Panda/Shituru, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 15

For many years now there are workers
who ask for commodities
from abroad. Because
they believe that those things excel
in quality and that the price is low. It is very good
to buy things from abroad. But
by the time those goods arrive, if you
have lost the money to pay for them there
are big troubles. Because one has to go
from place to place in order to borrow
money or to sell something you own at
a price you will regret afterwards. I know
a man who sold a very fine shirt
because he went to
pay for a packet with a shirt from abroad.
Then he wasn't able to wear it,
because it didn't fit him:
it was too small.
	Before buying goods from abroad,
let us first examine if we are not able
to get them in the store of the place
where we live and if it is not better
to buy it there where we live. Let us not
buy things because they are not to be seen
where we live and because
we want to show ourselves to our friends, because it
might be that by the time you get
those things be worthless, without
value.
	Célestin KABENGA
[subsection Panda/Shituru, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 16

Kijana mwanamke wa Kakontwe
alikimbia kwao kwa kuja kukaa kwa
rafiki yake mwanaume mwenye kutu-
mika ku Kambove. Baba yake ali-
mtafuta weee, na kiisha alikwenda
kumuvumbua kule, na alimpeleka
kwao mpaka kwa nguvu. Kwa kuta-
ka kumupa malipizi, alikusudia ku-
mutuma kwao ku mji. Ile malipizi
ya kumutuma ku mji ni nzuri ? Ki-
jana mwanamke hakuchungwa vizuri
hapa, njo vile alifanya mwendo mab-
ya. Halafu ku mji, hakuna mwenye
ataweza kumuchunga vizuri, namna
gani ule kijana mwanamke ataweza
kutengeneza mwendo wake mbaya ?
	Marcel KABULU

	NDLR.: Vijana wanawake wengine
wapo na mwendo mbaya hata wana-
wachunga. Kijana mwanamke mwenye
mwandikaji wetu anasema atapata
namna ya kukimbilia kwa bwana wa
ku mji. Tutumaini ya kama atapata
akili kwa sababu ya ile namna baba
yake alimufanya na ataacha mwendo
wake mbaya kwa sababu apate bwa-
na wa kumuoa na kukataa urafiki
mbaya na wanaume wa mu njia. 
[subsection Kambove, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958] 

 # 16

A young woman from Kakontwe
ran away from home to go and live with
her boy friend who worked
in Kambove. Her father tried to
find her for a long long time, and then he went
and discovered her there, and he brought her
back home with force. As he wanted
to inflict a punishment upon her, he decided to
send her to their ancestral village. That punishment
of sending her to the village is that wise? The
young woman was not watched carefully
over there, and so she behaved badly.
In the village, then, there is no one who
can keep man a close eye on her; how
will this young woman be able
to better his bad behavior?
	Marcel KABULU

	Note by the Editor: Some young women
who behave badly are not watched over at all.
The young woman whom
our writer talks about will find
a way to seek refuge with the man
in town. We hope that she will find
reason as a result of the way in which her father
treats her and that she will abandon 
her bad ways so [because] she may find a husband
to marry her and will say no to bad friendship
with men in the street.
[subsection Kambove, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958] 

 # 17

Bwana wa ndoa, baba wa watoto 7,
kama akiacha jamaa yake juu ya
mapendo kwa mwanamke wa ndu-
mba, si ni haya ? Huyu mtu alileta
uzima kwa watoto, tena anawaletea
lufu, kwani anakataa kuleta franka
kwa bibi alishe watoto. Namna ya
mambo ile ilijulikana siku wa polisi
wa mu mji walikuta watoto wapo
wanatafuta tu vyakula mu uchafu
wenye kubaki mu udongo kiisha
watu kupokea posho.
	Ni watoto njo walielezea Changa-
Changa umasikini wao wenye kuwa-
fikia mu mwendo mbaya wa baba
yao. Na Changa-Changa alichamkia
sana baba yao. Tunatumaini ya
kama baba huyu mwenye wazimu
atapata akili na atapenda jamaa yake
kuliko kindumba kile kitamukataa
siku atakuwa na franka kidogo.
	Clément BEYA 5/2/58
[subsection Kambove, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 17

A married man, a father of 7 children,
if he abandons his family out of
love for a woman who is
a ndumba, isn't that shamefull? This man gave
life and health to his children, then he brings them
death, because he refuses to bring money
to his wife to feed the children. The details of
those things became known the day when the police
of the city found the children who
were looking for food in the filth
which was left behind on the ground after
people had collected their pay.
	It was the children who explained Changa-Changa¹
their misery which had befallen on them
through the bad behavior of their father.
And Changa-Changa was very angry with
their father. We hope that
this father who is a madman
will get back his good sense and that he will love his family
more than this ndumba business that will say no to him
the day he runs out of money.
	Clément BEYA 5/2/58
[subsection Kambove, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

¹ From the verb -changa (put together, mix).
The reduplicated form Changa-Changa was a popular name
for the mining company which brought workers from many
different regional, ethnic, and linguistic backgrounds
together in its compounds. 



 # 18

Kwa kusoma Baraza ya bibi mu
gazeti 'Mwana Shaba', wabwana we-
ngi wanasikitika na wanasema: << iko
vizuri kuwa na bibi mwenye ana-
weza kufuata sauti yote yenye kuan-
dikwa mu gazeti >>. Usizani ya kama
wale wanawake hawapatikane. Kwa-
ni mimi najua ya kama utaweza
kukutana na moja wa wale wanawake,
kila siku mu mji wetu wa Shinkolo-
bwe. Uone kwanza bibi R.M. wa M.
V.K.: ni bibi mwenye kujua kazi ya
nyumba kabisa. Nyumba yake ni
safi sana kila siku. Kila kitu kiko pa
fasi yake. Vyakula vinapikwa tu
vizuri kabisa na vipo tayari pa saa
ya kula, kila siku.
	Masahani ya uchafu haibaki juu
ya meza, na tena bibi Mbuyi iko
kila siku na furaha tena na cheko.
Kila siku anampokea bwana yake
kwa kumukumbatia, ipo anafanya
neno yenye kusangaza huyu bibi
mkongomani. Anajua kushona: ana-
tengeneza kanzu yake na nguo ya
bwana yake, ye hapana kuharibisha
franka yenye kupatwa kwa kazi
gumu, na hakuna mtu alisikia u-
gomvi hata kidogo kati ya bibi
Mbuyi na bwana yake. Si ajabu ?
Ile yote inaweza kufanyika kwa bibi
mpja, na wabibi wengine wataweza
kuifanya vile vile. tumusifu basi
bwana K. kwa sababu alikaza nguvu
kwa mafundisho ya bibi yake. Tena
tumusifu na tumpigie bibi Mbuyi
aksanti kwa sababu anatuonyesha
uzuri wa mafundisho yake kila siku.
	François KISIMBA
[subsection Shinkolobwe, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958)

 # 18

Reading Baraza ya bibi¹ in
the paper 'Mwana Shaba', many
men feel sorry [for themselves] and say: << It's
good to have a woman who is able
to follow the voice of everything that is written
in the (?this) paper >>. Do not think that
women like that are not to be found. Because
I know that you will be able
to meet with one of those women,
each day in our town of Shinkolobwe.
Consider only Mrs. R.M. of M.
V.K.: she is a woman who knows domestic
work very well. Her house is
always very clean. Everything is in
its proper place. Food is cooked
really well and it is ready at
dinner time, each day.
	Dirty dishes do not remain on
the table, and furthermore, Mrs. Mbuyi is
always happy and smiling.
Each day she welcomes her husband 
with an embrace, [?it is there that he utters
a word that surprises this Congolese woman].
She knows how to sow: she
repairs her kanzu and the clothes of
her husband, she does not waste
money that was earned by hard work,
and no one has ever heard
any disputing going on between Mrs.
Mbuyi and her husband. Isn't that wonderful?
All that can be done by one woman,
and other women will be able
to do the same. We praise
Mr. K., then, because he adheres firmly
to the instructions of his wife. And then,
we praise and thank Mrs. Mbuyi
because she shows us
the merit of her instructions each day.   
	François KISIMBA
[subsection Shinkolobwe, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958)

¹ May be translated as 'Women's council'.

 # 19

Bibi moja alifanya makelele na
bwana yake. Kiisha alikimbia nyu-
mba ya bwana yake akaenda na
watoto wake kufichama kwa wazazi
wake. Bwana alimufuata mpaka
kule na alitaka bibi arudie nyumbani
mwake. Ugomvi ulikamatana tena
nguvu, pale rafiki wa wazazi wa bibi
alitaka kumsemea bibi na kugeukia
bwana. Kisilani cha bwana kili-
mgeukia ule muchimbi aliingia mu
mambo ya jamaa isipo yake. Na
rafiki alipata fundisho yenye haku-
taka kupata kama angebaki mbali
ya ile matata. Tuache kufanya
ugomvi mu njia kwa mambo ya
jamaa. Tuache kufanya matata kati
ya watu kwa sababu inaweza kuleta
ugomvi kubwa kabisa.
	Frédéric KIMUNGU 10/2/58
[subsection Shinkolobwe, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 19

A certain woman had a row with
her husband. She then fled from the
house of her husband and went away with
her children to hide with her parents.
The husband followed her till
there and he wanted the wife to return to his house.  
The quarrel took on new
force when a friend of the woman's parents
wanted to talk to the woman and turn against 
the husband. The anger of the husband turned
against that menace of the family: he prodded into
family affairs that were not his. And
the friend got a lecture he did not
want to get that he should stay far
from that row. Let us refrain from
disputing in the street over domestic affairs.
Let us refrain from quarelling in
public because it may bring
even bigger conflict. 
	Frédéric KIMUNGU 10/2/58
[subsection Shinkolobwe, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 20

Bibi moja munyaruanda alichuma
uyoga. Wabibi wengine walitaka
kununu-ayo. Lakini pa kufungua
kifulushi, waliona ya kama ule bibi
alichuma uyoga pasipo kuchagua
uyoga wa kula na wasio wa kula.
Kama wale wabibi hawakumuonye-
sha, mwenye uyoga alitaka kwenda
kupika chakula chenye kuwa na
sumu ndani. Inafaa Mwana Shaba
aelezee wabibi ya kama kuiko na
uyoga wa kula na wasio wa kula.
	Avetino NSUNGU 11/2/1958

	NDLR.: Hakuna namna ya kujua
uyoga mzuri na uyoga mbaya. Ao
kama mukijua kabila ya uyoga mzuri
kwa kula inafaa kuchuma, ao kama
hamujui, basi inafaa kuacha kula
uyoga.
[subsection Shinkolobwe, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 20

A woman from Rwanda was picking
mushrooms. Some other women wanted
to buy them. But upon opening
her bundle, they saw that that woman
had picked mushrooms without distinguishing between
edible and non-edible mushrooms.
If those women had not shown her this,
the woman with the mushrooms would have went away
to cook food that had
poison in it. It is necessary that Mwana Shaba
explains to women that there are
edible and non-edible mushrooms. 
	Avetino NSUNGU 11/2/1958

	Note by the Editor: There is no way of knowing
good mushrooms from bad mushrooms.
If you know the kind of mushroom that is good
to eat it is okay to pick it, but if
you do not know do not eat
mushrooms.
[subsection Shinkolobwe, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 21

Zamani, Bwana Changa-Changa
alikuwa anaanza mwaka tu na ku-
sambisha maneno ilitokea mu siku
ya << bonne année >> na mambo ya
ulevi. Huyu mwaka, nafurahi kwa
kuona ya kama tulichekelea << bonne
année >> pasipo ugomvi, tulikunywa
pasipo ulevi wa kupoteza akili, tuli-
furahi siku kuu ya mwaka mpya
katika urafiki. Sawa tunajua ya
kama ugomvi wa ulevi namakelele
ya kubushana ni bure, njo kusema
tunaendelea mbele kabisa.
	Raphaël SEBUTIMBIRI
[subsection Shinkolobwe, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 21

In the past, Mr. Changa-Changa
used to begin the year by
sorting out diagreements that had arisen on
New Year's day through
drunkenness. This year, I am happy to
see that we celebrated [lit.: laughed at] New
Year without fighting, that we drank
without mad drunkenness, that we
rejoiced at this New Year's day
in friendship. As a result we know that
fighting from drunkenness and shouting
from disagreements is worthless, that means
we have made great progress.
	Raphaël SEBUTIMBIRI
[subsection Shinkolobwe, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 22

Kiisha << cinéma >> yenye ilitufura-
hisha sana, tulikuwa tunarudia mwe-
tu. Kufika mbele ya nyumba ya
M.K... mwenye alikuwa na sisi
pamoja, tuliona mlango wa nyumba
yake uko tu wazi. Kufuli yenye
kubomoka na mwizi allingia kwake
wakati tulikuwa ku << cinéma >> na
alimuiba franka yake, kuacha tu
nguo na vitu vingine. Ule mwizi ni
mwenye kuzoea wizi, kwa sababu
anajua ya kama wataweza kumuvu-
mbua kama akakamata nguo na
vitu vingine. Tutakuwa tu tunajifun-
gilia mu nyumba pasipo kutoka, ao
tutaacha tu mtu moja ndani ya
nyumba kwa kwenda ku << cinéma >>
ao kwa kutembelea wenzetu?
	Ambroise KALAMBAYI

	NDLR.: Kufuli inahangaisha mwizi
lakini haimukataze sana kuingia mu
nyumba. Njia ya kukimbia wizi kwako
ni kukaa pasipo franka mu nyumba.
Ni franka njo yenye inazidi kuleta
tamaa na wezi. Muweke basi, franka
yenu ku Sanduku ya Akiba.
	Muchunge tu franka yenye kuenea
kwa kununua vitu vya mwezi mzima
na tena ukatoka kwa kwenda pa fasi,
utembeaka na ile franka.
[subsection Kolwezi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 22

After the movies that had given us
great joy, we returned home.
As soon as we arrived at the house of
M.K..., who was together with us,
we saw that the door of the house
was open. The padlock
was broken open and the thief had entered his house
when we were in the movies and
he had stolen his money, leaving only
clothes and other things. That thief is
someone who is used to stealing, because
he knows that they will be able to discover
him if he takes clothes and
other things. Shall we imprison ourselves
in the house without leaving, or
shall we leave one person inside
the house when we go to the movies
or when we go out with friends?
	Ambroise KALAMBAYI

	Note by the Editor: A padlock causes trouble to a thief
but it does not deter him from entering
a house. The way to avoid [lit.: escape] theft at your place
is to remain without money at home.
It is money that really brings
greed to thieves. So, put your money
at the Sanduku ya Akiba [savings bank].
	Just keep with you the money that is sufficient
to buy things for a whole month
and then when you go out to a place,
walk around with that money.
[subsection Kolwezi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 23

Wabibi wenye kuandika ku Mwa-
na Shaba ni wachache, na kwanza,
najua ya kama wanapenda sana
gazeti na wangekuwa pia na maneno
ya kusema. Leo ninamiandikia kwa
kumiomba kama ni ovyo kwa bibi
kukumbatia bwana yake wakati wa
kwenda ku kazi ao kwa wakati wa-
merudia. Ile ni neno ya kuchekesha
ao bali ni kitendo cha mapendo na
cha unyeyekevu kitaweza kuleta
raha kwa wabwana wetu ?
	Cécile KIBAMBE

	NDLR.: Bibi msomaji wangu mpe-
nzi, ile haiko neno ya ovyo. Kwanza
ingekuwa vizuri sana kama wanawake
wote wafanye mpaka vile. Kukumbatia
bwana mbele ya yeye kwenda ku kazi,
ni sawa tu na kumuambia aseme:
<< Ni kwa weye njo tunapata uzima
wetu, wende vizuri, mimi nabaki
kuchunga nyumba na kuchunga wa-
toto  >>. Na kama mukimukumbatia
bwana wakati wa kurudi ni kumuonye-
sha tu wazi furaha yenu kwa sababu
munamuona karibu yenu. Tunapashwa
wasomaji wetu ya kama M. Kisimba
François wa ku Shinkolobwe anaiti-
kia vilevile ile alama ya mapendo ya
bibi mkongomani.
[subsection Musonoi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

 # 23

The women who write to Mwana
Shaba are few in number, and yet,
I know that they like the paper very much
and that they would all have things
to say. Today I am writing you to
ask you if it is silly for women
to embrace their husbands when
they go to work or when they
return. Is that something that makes one laugh
or, rather, is it an act of love and
reverence that will bring
joy to our husbands?
	Cécile KIBAMBE

	Note by the editor: My dear reader [lit.: woman reader],
this is not a foolish thing. Rather
it would be very good if all women
would do like this. To embrace
your husband before he goes to work,
is just like saying:
<< It is because of you that we get our soundness,
go in peace, I will stay
to watch over the house and the
children >>. And if you embrace
your husband when he returns it is [like] showing him
openly your joy caused by
seeing him with you. We transmit
to our readers that Mr. Kisimba
François from Shinkolobwe calls
this a token of love of
the Congolese woman.
[subsection Musonoi, Mwana Shaba
2(4) April 1958]

Translation by Vincent de Rooij.

[LPCA Home Page]


Archived: 6 October 1998
by Vincent de Rooij
Additions: 31 May 1999 (#20, #21, #22, #23)
Revisions: 14 April 2000 (translations of '-subutu' in # 13' and saruali' in # 8, with thanks to Katrina Daly Thompson, 24 August 2001 (APS Volume number added), 31 October 2001 (ISSN added)